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Snyder Notation for Beginners

One Simple Rule That Makes Sudoku Easier

By Minimal Sudoku TeamLast updated:

Heard about Snyder Notation but not sure what it is? You're in the right place. This guide explains the technique in the simplest possible terms — no jargon, no complicated examples. By the end, you'll understand the one rule that makes Sudoku significantly easier.

Quick Summary
  • What it is: A way to write small helper numbers in Sudoku cells
  • The rule: Only write a number when it can go in exactly 2 cells in a box
  • Why it helps: Keeps your grid clean and makes patterns obvious
  • Time to learn: About 5 minutes

What is Snyder Notation?

Snyder Notation is a way of writing small "helper numbers" (called candidates or pencil marks) in Sudoku cells to help you solve puzzles.

It was developed by Thomas Snyder, who won the World Sudoku Championship four times. He created this method to solve puzzles faster — and it works for beginners too.

The Problem It Solves

When solving Sudoku, you often think "this cell could be a 3 or a 7" — but then you forget. Snyder Notation gives you a simple system for writing these notes so you don't lose track.

The key difference from other notation methods? You write less. Much less. This keeps your grid clean and makes it easier to spot patterns.

The One Rule

Snyder Notation has just one rule:

📐 The Snyder Rule

Write a small number in a cell only when that number can go in exactly two cells within the same 3×3 box.

That's it. If a number could go in three cells? Don't write anything. Four cells? Don't write anything. Only when it's narrowed down to exactly two possibilities do you make a mark.

Number could go in 3+ cells
Don't write anything
Number could go in exactly 2 cells
Write it in both cells
🎯
Number can only go in 1 cell
Just place it!

Why "Exactly Two"?

This might seem arbitrary, but there's a good reason:

The Magic of Two

  • Two = Actionable. When you later figure out one of those cellscan't have that number, you immediately know it goes in the other cell.
  • Two = Clean. If you wrote numbers every time they had 3, 4, or 5 possibilities, your grid would be covered in tiny numbers and impossible to read.
  • Two = Patterns. When you see the same number marked in two cells that share a row, that's a useful pattern called a "pointing pair."

How to Do It

1

Pick a 3×3 box to examine

Start with a box that already has several numbers filled in — these are easier.
2

Choose a number (1-9) to check

Ask yourself: "Where can [number] go in this box?"
3

Count the possibilities

Look at the empty cells. Eliminate any that share a row, column, or box with that number already.
4

If exactly two cells remain, mark them

Write a small number in the corner of both cells.
5

Repeat for other numbers and boxes

Work through the grid systematically.
Where to Write
Write your small numbers in the corners of cells, not the center. This leaves room for the final answer and makes it clear these are just notes, not solutions.

Simple Example

Let's walk through a real example:

Scenario

Imagine a 3×3 box where we want to find where 5 can go:

  • • Cell A: Already has a 3 → Can't be 5
  • • Cell B: Empty, but same row already has 5 → Can't be 5
  • • Cell C: Empty, no conflicts → Could be 5 ✓
  • • Cell D: Already has a 9 → Can't be 5
  • • Cell E: Empty, no conflicts → Could be 5 ✓
  • • Cells F-I: Various conflicts → Can't be 5
Result: 5 can only go in Cell C or Cell E — exactly two cells! Write a small "5" in both corners.

Later, if you discover Cell C must be something else (say, a 7), you'll immediately know Cell E must be the 5. That's the power of Snyder Notation.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

❌ Mistake: Writing too much

Some beginners write a number whenever it has 2, 3, or 4 possibilities. This defeats the purpose — your grid becomes cluttered and hard to read. Only write when it's exactly two.

❌ Mistake: Forgetting to update

When you place a number, it might reduce a 3-possibility situation to 2. Go back and add Snyder marks when this happens.

❌ Mistake: Checking rows/columns instead of boxes

Snyder Notation specifically looks at 3×3 boxes. While you consider row/column constraints when counting, the "exactly two" rule applies within each box.

When to Use Snyder Notation

Snyder Notation is perfect for:

✅ Great For

  • • Easy and medium puzzles
  • • When you're learning Sudoku
  • • Speed solving
  • • Keeping your grid readable
  • • The first phase of any puzzle

⚠️ You'll Need More For

  • • Expert-level puzzles
  • • Advanced techniques (X-Wing, etc.)
  • • When Snyder marks aren't helping anymore

(You can switch to full notation for these — see ourcomparison guide)

Next Steps

Now that you understand the basics, here's how to improve:

1
Practice on easy puzzles
Use Snyder Notation on 5-10 easy puzzles until it feels natural.
2
Read the complete guide
Our full Snyder guide covers advanced patterns and pro tips.
3
Learn what the marks reveal
Snyder marks help you spot pointing pairs andhidden pairs — powerful techniques.
4
Grab the cheat sheet
Our Snyder cheat sheet is a quick reference you can keep handy.

Try It Now

Practice Snyder Notation on our free puzzles. Use corner marks for your Snyder notes.

Play Free Sudoku